ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Assessment of the Impact of Co-Application of Spent Mushroom Substrate-Based Bio-Organic Fertilizer and Compound Fertilizer on Passion Fruit, Rhizosphere Soil, and Microbiota
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1
School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
 
2
The Third Surveying and Mapping Institute of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
 
3
Yiyang Vocational & Technical College, YingFeng Qiao, Yiyang, 413000, China
 
4
Guizhou Shinong Fertilizer Co. Ltd, Xingyi 562400, China
 
These authors had equal contribution to this work
 
 
Submission date: 2025-02-17
 
 
Final revision date: 2025-03-18
 
 
Acceptance date: 2025-04-27
 
 
Online publication date: 2025-07-21
 
 
Corresponding author
Shaoqi Zhou   

School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
 
 
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the effects of co-application of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) – based bio-organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer on passion fruit, soil properties, and rhizosphere microorganisms. The results demonstrated that the co-application significantly increased the total nutrients (17.73-81.21%) and available nutrients (25.09-102.80%) in the soil compared to the control group. The soil pH decreased by 0.23-0.71, and the soil organic matter content increased by 1.29-32.77%. Regarding microbial diversity, the application of SMS - based bio-organic fertilizer enhanced the abundance of beneficial microorganisms, reduced the disease incidence, and enhanced the crop’s resistance to heavy metals. Regarding yield, the co-application treatment group achieved the highest passion fruit yield of 1.27 kg/plant, which was significantly higher than the control treatment (0.42 kg/plant). Fruit quality indicators, including soluble solids, acidity, and sugar-acid ratio, were also significantly improved. Based on the integrated results of soil properties, microorganism diversity, and yield performance, it is recommended to apply 2 kg/plant of SMS - based bio-organic fertilizer as a base and 8 g/plant of compound fertilizer as top dressing in passion fruit cultivation to enhance soil quality and optimize both yield and quality.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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