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eISSN: 2083-5906
ISSN: 1230-1485
ISSN: 1230-1485
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Interactive Effects of Irrigation Methods
and Fertilization Gradients on Winter
Wheat Growth and Yield
1
North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450045, P.R. China
Submission date: 2025-04-17
Final revision date: 2025-08-19
Acceptance date: 2025-10-19
Online publication date: 2025-12-29
Corresponding author
Yuanyuan Li
North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450045, P.R. China
North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450045, P.R. China
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Field water and fertilizer management are closely related to wheat growth, and a reasonable water
and fertilizer pattern is helpful in increasing wheat production. In order to investigate the changes
in growth and yield of wheat under different fertilization gradients and water conditions, a field
experiment was conducted in Zhengzhou, China (2022–2023), using two irrigation treatments –
sufficient (C) and insufficient (M), and five fertilizer regimes (N=180 kg/ha): organic fertilizer alone (L1),
organic-inorganic ratios of 7:3 (L2) and 3:7 (L3), chemical fertilizer alone (L4), and no fertilizer (L5).
Results indicated that insufficient irrigation (M) significantly enhanced wheat physiological growth
under fertilized conditions, whereas the sufficient irrigation (C) treatment showed better growth without
fertilization. Insufficient irrigation combined with a high organic fertilizer ratio notably improved yield,
yet the highest yield (10,485.51 kg/ha) was achieved with chemical fertilizer alone (L4). Yield exhibited
a strong positive correlation (p<0.01) with plant height, leaf area index (LAI), relative chlorophyll
content (SPAD), transpiration rate (Tr), photosynthetic rate (Pn), and stomatal conductance (Gs).
Short-term experimental findings suggest that insufficient irrigation with high or exclusive chemical
fertilizer application optimizes winter wheat growth and productivity. These results provide valuable
insights into designing field water-fertilizer strategies to maximize wheat yield.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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| eISSN: | 2083-5906 |
| ISSN: | 1230-1485 |
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