Due to the extensive use of fossil fuels such as raw coal, coke, oil, and natural gas, the greenhouse effect caused by carbon dioxide emissions has drawn attention, and pollution reduction and carbon emission reduction have become important research issues. Tianjin is a traditional industrial city in China. High-pollution and high-energy-consuming industries have caused serious air pollution problems. Therefore, pursuing a green transformation has become an inevitable path. This article selects typical pollution reduction and carbon emission reduction industries in Tianjin as the research object, collects panel data for Tianjin from 2013 to 2022, and conducts an empirical study on the agglomeration level and spatial characteristics of the pollution reduction and carbon emission reduction industries by comprehensively applying multiple methods such as location entropy, standard deviation ellipse analysis, kernel density estimation, spatial autocorrelation analysis, and the geographically weighted regression model. The research results reveal that: (1) The sample industries exhibit spatial agglomeration characteristics in terms of spatial distribution. According to the calculation, the average value of the location entropy index is higher than 0.5. (2) There are spatial correlations among different sample industries. (3) The sample industries have spatially heterogeneous characteristics. With the central urban area of Tianjin as its core, it exhibits a circular and radial distribution pattern, characterized by “large dispersion and small aggregation”. Therefore, implementing pollution reduction and carbon emission reduction measures in a manner that suits local conditions has become a crucial strategy for effective urban governance.