Coordination of land production, living, and ecological (PLE) functions is crucial for regional sustainable development. Taking county-level areas in Fujian Province as the research units, this study comprehensively evaluated regional PLE functions across three dimensions: production, living, and ecological functions. The entropy method and a coupling coordination degree model were employed to measure the level of PLE functions’ coupling coordination, and a geographically weighted random forest model was used to investigate influencing factors. The results indicate that: (1) Spatially, county-level PLE functions in Fujian Province exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity from 2014 to 2022. Overall, the production function showed a decreasing trend, while the living and ecological functions showed increasing trends. The spatial distribution displayed a pattern of “higher values in the southeast and lower values in the northwest”. (2) Regarding the degree of coupling coordination, the multifunctional coupling coordination level of land use in Fujian Province improved significantly, though it remained at an elementary coordinated stage. (3) In terms of influencing mechanisms, natural geographical conditions and socio-economic characteristics jointly drove the coordination of PLE functions within the region. This study provides a deeper understanding of the spatiotemporal changes in land PLE functions in Fujian Province and offers references for optimizing land-use allocation and promoting sustainable development.