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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Neutralization of Used Sovtol in Electrical
Transformers Based on Calcium
Oxide and Assessment of the Carbon
Footprint in the Gas Phase
1
Institute of Physics named after Academician J. Jeenbaev NAS of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek KR
2
Kyrgyz State Technical University named after. I. Razzakov, Bishkek, KR
3
Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, KR
4
Institute if Chemistry and Phytotechnology NAS of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, KR
Submission date: 2024-10-02
Final revision date: 2024-12-04
Acceptance date: 2024-12-16
Online publication date: 2025-02-25
Publication date: 2026-01-30
Corresponding author
Kubat Kemelov
Environmental engineering, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, 56 Chyngyz Aitmatov avenue, 720044, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Environmental engineering, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, 56 Chyngyz Aitmatov avenue, 720044, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2026;35(1):1285-1293
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The work studied the multicomponent Sovtol-calcium oxide system with the aim of converting
toxic chlorine organic molecules into a salt form in the form of calcium chloride. Accordingly,
thermodynamic modeling of the process of thermal decomposition of Sovtol (C12H5Cl5–0.9,
C6H3Cl3–0.1) and calcium oxide was carried out at a maximum entropy of the system over a wide
range of temperatures. The values of change in entropy, enthalpy, and the viscosity parameters of the
system (dynamic viscosity, Prandtl number) were calculated. The concentration distributions of C, O,
H, Cl, and Ca-containing components and charged particles in the gas phase were established, and,
on their basis, the contents of carbon and chlorine fragments at 2893 K were calculated. Reduction
of the anthropogenic chlorine load from the organic molecule in the gas phase was achieved by
preparing a water-suspension fuel emulsion (comprising fuel oil and spent Sovtol) with calcium oxide
as solid additives and combusting the mixture in medium- and small-capacity boiler units. Based on
the chemical matrix of the initial Sovtol-calcium oxide system, an assessment of the carbon load
in the gas phase was carried out.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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