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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Comparison of Rice Husk
and Maize Stalk Biochar Effects on Reducing
Copper Accumulation in Pak Choi
1
Faculty of Management Sciences, Thu Dau Mot University, Thu Dau Mot city, Binh Duong, 75000, Vietnam
2
Faculty of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, Hochiminh city, 70000, Vietnam
Submission date: 2024-03-11
Final revision date: 2024-04-23
Acceptance date: 2024-05-24
Online publication date: 2024-12-20
Publication date: 2025-04-04
Corresponding author
Anh Thu Thi Tran
Faculty of Management Sciences, Thu Dau Mot University, Thu Dau Mot city, Binh Duong, 75000, Vietnam
Faculty of Management Sciences, Thu Dau Mot University, Thu Dau Mot city, Binh Duong, 75000, Vietnam
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2025;34(4):3813-3822
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
This study aims to investigate the effects of rice husk biochar (RB) and maize stalk biochar (MB) on
the distribution of copper (Cu) in soil, Cu accumulation in pak choi, and plant growth. Pot experiments
were conducted using Cu concentrations (0, 50, and 200 mg/kg soil) and biochar proportions (0%, 1%, 2%,
and 3% w/w). Pak choi shoots and roots were determined by dry weight, analyzed for Cu concentrations in
plants, and the distribution of Cu fractions in the soil. The results indicate that medium biochar proportion
(2%) is most effective in reducing Cu concentration in plants and improving the growth of pak choi. RB
biochar is found to play a more significant role than MB biochar in Cu-contaminated soil (200 mg/kg).
In non-contaminated Cu soil (50 mg/kg), a low biochar proportion (1%) is most suitable for improving
the growth of pak choi, with MB biochar being more effective than RB biochar. Strong correlations were
observed between mobile Cu fraction proportion and Cu concentrations in plants, indicating that they can
all be used to predict Cu bioavailability in soil. This study provides valuable insights into the use of biochar
to reduce Cu accumulation in pak choi and selecting appropriate biochar types.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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